TITLE :
ACTIVITY PROFILE BETWEEN WINNING AND LOSING IN SILAT
OLAHRAGA MALAYSIA’S ATHLETES IN 28TH SEA GAMES SINGAPORE 2015
ABSTRACT
The purpose of
this study is to describe the motion analysis and determine the activity
profile links among winning and losing Malaysian athletes of Silat Olahraga
during 28th Sea Games Singapore 2015. This study had been analyzed
by notational analysis to record 3 outcome which is hit target, hit elsewhere
and miss opponent. The outcome had been observed through a video which the
researcher download it from Youtube. 4 videos of the matches were selected from
the Youtube which is Men’s Quarter Final Class A, Men’s Final & Semi-Final
Class H and Men’s Final Class D. The match statistic consist of techniques such
as punch, kick, topple, block, block and punch, block and sweep, fake kick,
fake punch, self-release, catch and dodge (Shapie, Oliver, O’Donoghue &
Tong, 2013).
Pencak silat is
a special type of martial art fighting established in Malay culture, which
extends crosswise over Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Brunei Darussalam, the
Southern Philippines and Southern Thailand, and different spots where popular
who talk in the Malay dialect and allude to a typical Malay family line can be
found.
Pencak silat is additionally can be a lesson for
understudy to enhance their abilities. One of pencak silat course objectives is
to enhance confident level. According to Widiastuti
(2014), one of pencak silat
course goals is to improve students skills. One of learning process is game
approach which is it involve exciting, fun, and motivating for students. It makes inclusion of
understudies in the class, bigger favor to enhance and study new propelled
aptitudes, and rousing the understudies to perform well in class.
Motion of
analysisfor silat is punch, kick, block, topple, sweep, catch and dodge. Past
review demonstrates that movement profile during activity time. According to
Shapie, Oliver, O'Donoghue, and Tong (2009), the nature of work periods inside
any battle sports relies on upon the recurrence, volume and kind of the action
being performed. The target of this review is to analyse how many motion that has
been made when compete in Silat Olahraga.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A main video recording been do on
Pesilat Malaysia on Sea Games 2015 at Singapore and then utilized for the
analysis. The main pesilat has been analyse is Pesilat from Malaysia and
opponents that included from various nation and group. This match comprise of
three rounds, which is two minutes for every round and one minute rest between
each round. This notation involved various skills such as punch, kick, block,
catch, topple and sweep. Usage of Statistical
Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) to calculate the statistical analysis and result. The video
is repeated at least two times so the data can be taken properly. The frequency
was taken as data to be analysed.
Motion categories
Silat exponent’s motions were coded into 14
different types of categories and were defined as follows:
Punch:
The punch‘tumbukan’ attack is done by a hand with a
closed fist hitting the target. In silat, punching is often used to fight the
opponent. It can be a straight punch ‘tumbuk lurus’ or uppercut ‘sauk’ to the
exponent body(Shapie,
M, N, M, et al ,2013). In silat, punch point hit the target to the vest
been calculated as one point. Punch that hit elsewhere not in target not
counted as point same as fake punch.
Kick:
The kick ‘tendang / terajang’ is an attacking
movement which is performed with one leg or two legs simultaneously. A kick can
be aimed on a target that can hit that is on vest pesilat. It can be front kick
‘ tendang depan’, side-kick ‘depak’ or semi-circular side kick ‘tendang
lengkar’(Shapie, M, N, M, et al, 2013). Kicking
point that hit to the vest has been calculated as two points. If have any kick
that over the head, ‘wasit’ or judge may be pause the game and give warning to
the pesilat that made that kick because it may cause an injury such as
concussion.
Block:
The blocking movements begin with the posture
position ‘sikap pasang’, the exponent stands straight with his/her hands around
his/her body or close to his chest. Blocking ‘tangkisan’ can be done using
arms, elbows and legs with the purpose to block off or striking back at any
attack(Shapie, M, N, M, et al, 2013). Blocking the
exponent motion can be an advantages for pesilat take the chance to give an
another motion to the pesilat as if it target or ‘jatuhan’ can be made.
Catch:
Catch ‘tangkapan’ is done by using the hand to
obstruct the opponent from carrying out an attack. The silat exponent is able
to prevent himself from being attacked by pointing the attack which he/she has
caught to another direction. A catch which twists or drags the opponent is
forbidden. Also, a catch which could break the part which is being held such as
the leg and waist is also forbidden. These regulations exist to protect the
silat exponent’s(Shapie, M, N, M, et al, 2013). This catch ‘tangkapan’ can be obstruct opponent
for example in pesilat that do a kick to hit target and the opponent that can
catch that kick and made a ‘jatuhan’ if he/she can take well the catch.
Topple:
There are various ways of toppling down one’s
opponent. For example, a silat exponent ‘pesilat’ can either push, shove the
opponent’s back leg from the bag or from the side, shove, hit, kick, strike or
punch to make the opponent lose his balance. Every fall is considered valid as
long as the silat exponent topples his opponent down without wrestling or he is
able to overpower the opponent whom hehasbrought down(Shapie, M, N, M, et al, 2013).
Sweep:
Sweeping ‘sapuan’ involves attacking an opponent leg
which are on the ground that can unstabilize him and bring down to the ground.
A silat exponent canperform this attacking movement either with his right or
left leg, Then, front sweep ‘sapuan depan’ is done by swinging the leg to the
front to push an opponent’s front leg, while back sweep ‘sapuan belakang’ is
carried out by swinging the leg backward to hit the back leg or front leg (Shapie, M, N, M, et al ,2013).
Evade/Dodge:
The evade ‘elakan’ technique is carried out by silat
exponent when he tries to evade an attack. This technique does not require the
silat exponent to touch the opponent in fending off the attack. They are many
ways of carrying out his defensive movement such as dodging ‘gelek’, retreat
‘mundur’, evasion to the side ‘elak sisi’, bending ‘elak serung’, jumping
‘lonjak’, ducking ‘susup’ and etc(Shapie, M, N, M, et al, 2013). This movements can be do if the pesilat
can read well movement opponent and then take an advantages from that situation
to get a point by do a punch, kicking or made a ‘jatuhan’.
Self-Release:
Selfrelease ‘lepas tangkapan’ technique is a
technique to unlock any clinch or catch from an opponent(Shapie, M, N, M, et al, 2013). In silat, self
release can be made by really hard and harsh situation by do kicking or
struggle to get unlock from any clinch that happen such as unlock the
‘tangkapan’ because if ‘tangkapan’ has been made, pesilat can made ‘jatuhan’ on
it if he/she can released it early before ‘jatuhan’ made.
Block and Punch:
The blocking technique is used to block any hand or
leg attack from the opponent and followed by counter attack using the hand to
punch the opponent vest (Shapie, M, N, M, et al, 2013).
Block and Kick:
The blocking technique is used to block any hand or
leg attack from the opponent and followed by counter attack using the leg to
kick the opponent(Shapie,
M, N, M, et al ,2013). Kicking technique can be do by doing front kick, side
kick, or semi circular kick as long as hit target.
Block and Sweep:
The blocking technique is used to block any hand or
leg attack from the opponent and followed by counter attack using sweeping
technique to the opponent (Shapie, M, N, M, et al, 2013). This sweeping can be made that he/she
want to do front sweep or back sweep.
Fake Punch:
An action which a silat exponent intends to confuse
the opponent using a fake punch to break his opponent’s defensive posture(Shapie, M, N, M, et al, 2013).
Fake Kick:
An action which a silat exponent intends to confuse
the opponent using a fake kick to break his opponent defensive posture(Shapie, M, N, M, et al, 2013).
Others:
Others
mean by ‘wasit’ as a judge in games has to stop a games and pesilat take a
position as ‘pola pasang’ before start. As ‘wasit’ said ‘mulai’, that’s mean
pesilat has begin an action to start compete each others. ‘Wasit’ also can stop
the games if any unnecessary movements such as sweep not on target or high face
(Shapie, M, N, M, et al
(2013).
Reliability of
Observation
The author analysed all the
activities and comparison classified each change motion in a single match. The
observation was done by 1 hour. It requires experienced silat practitioners to
analyse the data as the movement of both exponent is fast, needing close
inspection.
Statistical Analysis
Statistical
analysis was conducted using Statistical Package for Social Scientists,version
24( SPSS,Chicago,IL). In this analysis, descriptivesanalysis was conducted to
check the mean and standard deviation between the players motion in 1 match. An Independent T-test was used to determine
the difference between winning and losing of activity profile performed by
Malaysia’s Silat Olahraga athletes.
WINNING ANALYSIS
1.
Pencak
Silat Tanding Men’s Class A Malaysia win
vs Thailand Quarter Final
|
PESILAT
MALAYSIA
|
||||
|
Action
|
Outcomes
|
|||
|
Hit elsewhere
|
Hit target
|
Miss opponent
|
Total
|
|
|
Block
|
0
|
5
|
0
|
5
|
|
Block & kick
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
|
Block & punch
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
3
|
|
Block & sweep
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
|
Kick
|
10
|
12
|
0
|
22
|
|
Fake kick
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
Punch
|
2
|
5
|
0
|
7
|
|
Fake punch
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
Self-release
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
|
Topple
|
0
|
7
|
3
|
10
|
|
Sweep
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
|
Catch
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
Dodge
|
0
|
5
|
0
|
5
|
|
Total
|
12
|
44
|
3
|
59
|
Table
1: Pesilat Malaysia Win vs Thailand Data Analysis
2.
Pencak
Silat Tanding Men’s Class H Malaysia win
vs Singapore lose
|
PESILAT
MALAYSIA
|
||||
|
Action
|
Outcomes
|
|||
|
Hit
elsewhere
|
Hit
target
|
Miss
opponent
|
Total
|
|
|
Block
|
0
|
6
|
0
|
6
|
|
Block
& kick
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
|
Block
& punch
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
3
|
|
Block
& sweep
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
Kick
|
2
|
11
|
0
|
13
|
|
Fake
kick
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
|
Punch
|
1
|
8
|
2
|
11
|
|
Fake
punch
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
Self-release
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
3
|
|
Topple
|
0
|
5
|
0
|
5
|
|
Sweep
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
3
|
|
Catch
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
|
Dodge
|
0
|
5
|
0
|
5
|
|
Total
|
3
|
48
|
2
|
53
|
Table
2: Pesilat Malaysia Win vs Singapore Data Analysis
LOSING ANALYSIS
1
Pencak Silat Tanding Men’s Class D Malaysia lose vs Thailand win Final
|
PESILAT
MALAYSIA
|
||||
|
Action
|
Outcomes
|
|||
|
Hit elsewhere
|
Hit target
|
Miss opponent
|
Total
|
|
|
Block
|
1
|
2
|
1
|
4
|
|
Block & kick
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
Block & punch
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
Block & sweep
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
Kick
|
10
|
5
|
2
|
17
|
|
Fake kick
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
Punch
|
10
|
6
|
0
|
16
|
|
Fake punch
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
|
Self-release
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
3
|
|
Topple
|
3
|
2
|
0
|
5
|
|
Sweep
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
Catch
|
1
|
2
|
14
|
17
|
|
Dodge
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
Total
|
27
|
20
|
17
|
64
|
Table 3:
Pesilat Malaysia Lose vs Thailand Data Analysis
1
Pencak
Silat Tanding Men’s Class H Malaysia lose vs Indonesia win Final
|
PESILAT
MALAYSIA
|
||||
|
Action
|
Outcomes
|
|||
|
Hit
elsewhere
|
Hit
target
|
Miss
opponent
|
Total
|
|
|
Block
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
|
Block
& kick
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
Block
& punch
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
Block
& sweep
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
Kick
|
8
|
9
|
0
|
17
|
|
Fake
kick
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
Punch
|
2
|
7
|
1
|
10
|
|
Fake
punch
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
Self-release
|
3
|
0
|
0
|
3
|
|
Topple
|
6
|
1
|
0
|
7
|
|
Sweep
|
5
|
0
|
2
|
7
|
|
Catch
|
1
|
2
|
4
|
7
|
|
Dodge
|
5
|
1`
|
1
|
7
|
|
Total
|
31
|
20
|
8
|
59
|
Table 4:
Pesilat Malaysia Lose vs Indonesia Data Analysis
DISCUSSION
Four table that has been shown is differentiate
between winning and losing Malaysia team in Pencak Silat in Sukan Sea Singapore
2015. Table 1 and table 2 show the data for winning while table 3 and table 4
show the lose data for Malaysia. From the result above,
we can see that the athletes that won the match have done 44 and 48 total
actions that hit their target compared to the loser which is 20. In the winning
game the player most likely use punching, kicking and topple technique compared
to loosing they have lack of technique to tackle their opponent.
The
table 1 shown above is the total actions done by the athlete according to the
analysis for the Men’s Class A Quarter
Final 50kg weight between Malaysia and Thailand. Based on the match which is Ridzuan
Arriefudin did a very good performance during this match as total up about 44
outcome of hit target compared to hit elsewhere and miss opponent. He uses the
basic skill of kicking and punching the opponent very well. She most likely to
use kicking skill (12) rather than punching (5).
The table 2 above shown that the total actions done
by the athlete according to the analysis for the Men’s Class H Semi Final
between Malaysia and Singapore. Based on the video, which is Muhammad Robial
Sobri (MAS) is lack of punching technique in round one and round two but raise
great improvement in round 3. However, the MAS mostly like to use his kicking
technique which total up to 13 to hit the target and achieved many points. The
MAS plan a good strategy by planning to use kicking technique then sweep the
opponent’s leg in order to make the opponent lose his balance and fall down. This
clearly shows the weakness of the SIN had no chances on fighting back.
For the frequency of total actions done by Malaysian
athlete Silat Olahraga for Men’s Class A Final is shown on the Table 3 above.
Unfortunately this MAS athlete lose this match. Based on the video that i
observe, he look a bit nervous during the match. He was lack of concentration
during this match and cause him to attack the opponent but hit elsewhere and
gain no points. He did try to hit the target but his opponent were very good at
blocking and protecting himself. The table 3 above shows that the frequency of
MAS for kicking and punching in hit target outcome is 5 and 6 only but 10 for
both technique in hit elsewhere outcome.
However, in table 4 shows the frequency of actions
and outcomes for Malaysia’s athlete in Men’s Final Class H. This athlete did a
very good performance during his Semi-Final and won the match but lose in the
Final. Based on the video, Muhammad Robial Sobri often use the topple technique
same as in his previous match and he succeeded but unfortunately it did not
work out well as in final which is 6 times he did the topple but failed to pull
down his opponent. His kicking and punching technique were high which is 9 and
7 time but there was no luck for him to win the final as his opponent were more
strategic and powerful.
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, this analysis focused on the
comparison of kick, punch, sweep and topple between winning and loosing game
for Malaysia in video silat olahraga from SEA Games in Singapore 2015. It can be analysed by 4 criteria which is
punch, kick, and sweep and topple. In Silat Olahraga competition, the higher
point will be give the winner when they use topple and sweeping to the
opponent. So, in this match, the winner player use more skill topper whether
the punch. That is the technical that he uses. Based on result, the athlete has
significant between the winner and loser that at the 4 indicator skill.
REFERENCES
Shapie, M. N. M., & Elias, M. S. (2016). Silat: The
curriculum of Seni Silat Malaysia. Revista
de Artes Marciales Asiáticas, 11(2s), 122-125.
Wilson,
I. D. (2003). The politics of inner
power: the practice of Pencak Silat in West Java. Murdoch University.
Aziz, A. R., Tan, B., & Teh, K. C. (2002). Physiological responses
during matches and profile of elite pencak silat exponents. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 1,
147-155.
Chua, Y. P. (2012). Asas statistik penyelidikan. Kuala Lumpur,
Malaysia: Mc Graw Hill.
Kartomi, M. (2011). Traditional and modern forms of
pencak silat in indonesia: The suku mamak in riau. Musicology Australia, 33(1), 47-68. doi: 10.1080/08145857.2011.580716
Appendices
|
Group Statistics
|
|||||
|
|
Group
|
N
|
Mean
|
Std. Deviation
|
Std. Error Mean
|
|
kick
|
win
|
35
|
1.66
|
.482
|
.081
|
|
lose
|
29
|
1.45
|
.632
|
.117
|
|
|
punch
|
win
|
18
|
1.94
|
.539
|
.127
|
|
lose
|
26
|
1.58
|
.578
|
.113
|
|
|
topple
|
win
|
15
|
2.20
|
.414
|
.107
|
|
lose
|
12
|
1.25
|
.452
|
.131
|
|
|
sweep
|
win
|
5
|
2.00
|
.000
|
.000
|
|
lose
|
7
|
1.57
|
.976
|
.369
|
|
|
Independent Samples Test
|
||||||||||
|
|
Levene's Test for Equality of Variances
|
t-test for Equality of Means
|
||||||||
|
F
|
Sig.
|
t
|
df
|
Sig. (2-tailed)
|
Mean Difference
|
Std. Error Difference
|
95% Confidence Interval of the
Difference
|
|||
|
Lower
|
Upper
|
|||||||||
|
kick
|
Equal variances assumed
|
3.710
|
.059
|
1.500
|
62
|
.139
|
.209
|
.139
|
-.069
|
.487
|
|
Equal variances not assumed
|
|
|
1.463
|
51.607
|
.150
|
.209
|
.143
|
-.078
|
.495
|
|
|
punch
|
Equal variances assumed
|
5.124
|
.029
|
2.131
|
42
|
.039
|
.368
|
.172
|
.019
|
.716
|
|
Equal variances not assumed
|
|
|
2.158
|
38.305
|
.037
|
.368
|
.170
|
.023
|
.712
|
|
|
topple
|
Equal variances assumed
|
.353
|
.558
|
5.688
|
25
|
.000
|
.950
|
.167
|
.606
|
1.294
|
|
Equal variances not assumed
|
|
|
5.630
|
22.683
|
.000
|
.950
|
.169
|
.601
|
1.299
|
|
|
sweep
|
Equal variances assumed
|
18.519
|
.002
|
.968
|
10
|
.356
|
.429
|
.443
|
-.558
|
1.415
|
|
Equal variances not assumed
|
|
|
1.162
|
6.000
|
.289
|
.429
|
.369
|
-.474
|
1.331
|
|
